The International Journal of Operational Research in Management, Social Sciences & Education (IJORMSSE), provides a viable intellectual platform to promote discussions, research analyses and findings in operational research in the fields of Management, Social Sciences and Education. The articles in the Journal are open access to different users in different countries around the world. The quality of papers published are ascertained by an International Editorial Board who operate through a double-blind peer review process.
1Ojeyemi, S. S. & 2Egbuta, O. U.
1&2Department of Business Administration and Marketing,
School of Management Sciences, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
1Ravi S. Sharma, 2Elaine W. J. Ng, 3Mathias Dharmawirya & 4Chu Keong Lee
1Institution and Department, Zayed University, College of Technology Innovation (UAE)
2Marketing Communications Manager for Microsoft's Communications Sector in Asia
3&4Wee Kim Wee School of Communication & Information
Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
1Aderonke Folagbade, 2Joy Philip Mshelmbula, 3Akintunde Olawande Ayeni & 4Idi Jamok Arandong
1,2&4Department of Business Administration, University of Jos
3Department of Banking and Finance, University of Jos
1Olaide Kehinde Taofeek, 2Samaila Mande, 3Adegbola Eunice Abimbola, 4Folorunsho Mejabi, 5Moriliat Ibiwumi Ajila & 6Aboho Terfa
1,2,3,4,5&6Department of Business Administration
Faculty of Management Sciences, National Open University of Nigeria Abuja, Nigeria
1Falore, T. O., 2Adefulu, A. D. & 3Nwankwere, I. A.
1,2&3Department of Business Administration and Marketing,
School of Management Sciences, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
1S. L. Mairafi, 2S. A. Amana, & 3A. I. Onyishi
1,2&3Department of Banking and Finance, Nasarawa State University Keffi
1Stanley Akpevwe Onobrakpeya & 2Theresa Josh-Palmer Bayagbon
1Department of Marketing, School of Business Studies, Federal Polytechnic Orogun, Delta State, Nigeria
2Department of Marketing,Delta State Polytechnic Ogwashi-Uku, Delta State, Nigeria
1Irem Sylvester Nwachukwu, 2B. N. Okezie, 3Ikechukwu Eze Okereke, 4Ikwor Ogbonnaya & 5Robert Nnachi
1,2&5Department of Accountancy,
3&4Depatment of Economics and Development Studies,Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu Alike, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
1Salami Khadijat, 2Udenwa Theresa Agbonma, & 3Abdul, Zainab Husseini
1,2&3Department of Banking & Finance, Nasarawa State University, Keffi- Nasarawa State
1Simeon, Joy Omokeza & 2Ndulue, Ifeyinwa Theresa
1&2Department of Business Administration University of Abuja, Nigeria
1Nkem Okpa Obaji, 2Jamila Shu'ara, & 3Emmanuel Oladele Olaolu
1Department of Project Management, Al-Muhibbah Open University, Abuja
2&3Department of Business Management and Marketing, Baze University, Abuja
1Joaquim Jorge Vicente, 2Susana Relvas & 3Ana Paula Barbosa-Póvoa
1CEG-IST – Centre for Management Studies,
2Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa,
3Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
1Azowenunebi, L. O., 2Adeyemo S. A. & 3Babajide, V. F. T.
1,2&3Department of Science Education, Faculty of Education, University of Lagos
Irechukwu, Precious Ginika
Department of Biology Education, School of Science,
Federal College of Education (Technical) Akoka, Yaba Lagos,
1Yusuf Yakubu Samaila, 2Aigbedion I. Marvelous, & 3Ologunla S. Emmanuel
1,2&3Department of Economics,
Bingham University Karu
1Malachy, Ashywel Ugbaka, 2Ayodele Oluwafemi &3Amaraihu, Omeremma Christopher
1,2&3Department of Economics, University of Calabar, Nigeria
1Danjuma, Irinyang Joro & 2Amadi, Kingsley Wobilor
1&2Department of Economics,Federal University Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria.
1Modu Aisami & 2Mustapha Bukar Gana
1&2Umar Ibn Ibrahim El-Kanemi College of Education,
Science and Technology, P.M.B.16, Bama, Borno State, Nigeria.
1Musah Ishaq, 2Momoh Suleman Imonikhe & 3Momoh Nanafatimah Bello
1Department of Human Resource Management, School of Administration, Business and Management Studies Auchi Polytechnic, Auchi, Edo State
2Executive Commissioner, National Hajj Commission of Nigeria, Abuja
3Department of Business Administration and Management, School of Business Studies, Auchi Polytechnic, Auchi, Edo State
1Adeoye, Solomon O., 2Dipeolu, Oyinlola F., 3Ayeni, D., 4Agbeniga, Florence I., & 5Akoma, Lucy O.
1,2,3,4&5Faculty of Management Sciences, Department of Business Administration and Marketing,
Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
1Ogunoye, Aderounmu Adebayo, & 2Adeyemi, P. A.
1Department of Economics and Development Studies,Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Islamic University in Uganda, Mbale, Uganda
2Department of Economics, Faculty of The Social Sciences, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
1Ifebajo, Abiodun Yetunde & 2Ilori, Olasumbo
1Department of Home Economics Education, Federal College of Education (Tech), Akoka, Lagos State
2Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Moshood Abiola Polytechnic, Ojere, Ogun State
1Abdulrazak Usman& 2Mahmoud Zubair Imam
1Federal College of Education (Technical) Bichi, Kano State, Nigeria
2Sa'adatu Rimi University of Education Kumbotso, Kano-Nigeria
1Iyakwari Anna Dyaji Baba, 2Zubair A. Zulaihatu, & 3Aigbedion Marvelous
1&3Department of Economics, Bingham University Karu, Nasarawa State
2Federal University Dutsinma Kastina
The International Journal of Advanced Research in Tourism, Environment and Social Science (IJARTESS) offers a comprehensive platform for rigorous academic research and strategic insights in the field of tourism. With a focus on innovation and excellence, IJARTESS provides valuable contributions to both theory and practice, serving as a vital resource for scholars, practitioners, and policymakers. Through its commitment to high-quality publications and interdisciplinary perspectives, the journal seeks to advance knowledge and shape the future of tourism research and strategy.
1Thomas Terna Aule, 2Moses Iorakaa Ayoosu, 3Vincent Yaakugh, 4 5John Terzungwe Shinyi, & 5Solomon Iorfa Aule
1Department of Architectural Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Kaura Namoda
2Faculty of Architecture, Bingham University, Karu
3Department of Sociology, Benue State University, Makurdi
4Public Relations Unit, Federal Polytechnic, Kaura Namoda
5Department of Civil Engineering, Federal Polytechnic, Orogun, Delta State.
1Esmeralda Crespo-Almendros, 2Ma Belén Prados-Peña, 3Lucia Porcu & 4Juan Miguel Alcántara Pilar
1,2,3&5Department of Marketing and Market Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
4Faculty of Education, Economy and Technology of Ceuta
1M. D. Isah, 2Hajara D. S., 3Muhammed H. R., 4Rafaatu O., 5Ahmad T. & 6Muhammad, S. I.
Department of Social Development, Department of General Studies,
Department of Computer Science,Department of Arts and Social Sciences and Department of Public Administration Waziri Umaru Federal Polytechnic, Birnin Kebbi & Aliero University, Kebbi State.
Joshua-Gyang, Emily
Department of Economics,
Bingham University Karu, Nasarawa State
1Abel Duarte Alonso, 2Alessandro Bressan, 3Oanh Vu Thi Kim, 4Seng Kiat Kok & 5Erhan Atay
1,3&4School of Business and Management,RMIT International University Vietnam, HCMC, Vietnam
2School of Business, ĉe University of Notre Dame, Broadway, New South Wales, Australia
5School of Business and Management, RMIT International University Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam
Edewor Kehinde Omolara
Olabisi Onabanjo University
Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria
1Wisdom Selekekeme Krokeyi & 2Amaegberi, Michael
1&2Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences,
Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State.
Education and Science Journal of Policy Review and Curriculum Development (ESJPRCD) publish research articles relating to education and sciences. It publishes original research findings, experiments, action research, case studies, peer review articles in the fields of education and sciences. The objective is to create forum for researchers in education and sciences to publish their research findings
1Suleiman T. H., 2Abalaka, J. N. & 3Ajiteru, S. A. R
1&2Crown University Intl Chartered Inc, Faculty of Social Science, USA
3Department of Political Science & International Relations Achievers University, Owo, P.M.B.1030 Owo Ondo State Nigeria
1Odom Ifeanyi Chijioke, 2Ani D. Chinedu, 3Ilo Winnie N., 4Duru, Marcus N. & 5Okolo Obiageli J.
1&3Department of Horticultural Technology, Enugu State Polytechnic, Iwollo, Nigeria
2&5Centre for Environmental Management and Control, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus
4Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Federal Polytechnic, Nekede, Owerri
Renee Cho
Columbia Climate School, Columbia
1Kawai Vincent & 2Nkom John
1Department of Business Administration and Management, Federal School of Statistics, Manchok, Kaduna State, Nigeria
2Department of Economics, Kaduna State University, Kaduna State, Nigeria
1Muhammad Shehu 2Kardam, Ahmed Babayo, & 3Abdulkadir Abubakar
1,2&3Department of Surveying and Geoinformatics, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi
1Maile Symonds & 2Michael Hansen
1Westat Rockville, Maryland, United States
2Brown Center on Education Policy, Brookings Institution, Washington, D.C., United States
Education and Science Journal of Policy Review and Curriculum Development (ESJPRCD) publish research articles relating to education and sciences. It publishes original research findings, experiments, action research, case studies, peer review articles in the fields of education and sciences. The objective is to create forum for researchers in education and sciences to publish their research findings
1Ali, S. D., 2Bello, S., 3Major, B. I. & 4Fambia, A.
1,3&4Department Physics, Umar Ibn Ibrahim El-kanami College Education Science and Technology Bama, Borno State Nigeria
2Department of Physics, College of Education Waka Biu, Borno State Nigeria.
1Oshin, Olayemi O. & 2Adesina, Abiodun E.
1Curriculum and Instruction Department,
2General Studies Education Department, School of Education, Emmanuel Alayande College of Education, Oyo, Oyo State
1Akpanudi Godswill Asuquo, 2John Yahaya Along, 3Danjuma Sani Usara, 4Joshua Garba Dodo 5Mohammed M. Bawa
1Department of Curriculum Studies and Educational Technology, School of Education
2Department of Christian Religious Studies
3,4&5Department of Social Studies, School of Secondary Education, Arts and Social Science Programmes, Federal College of Education Kontagora
1Andre M. Perry & 2Carl Romer
1&2Brookings Institution Washington, D.C., United States
Nelson, Mary Omonhenne
Institute of Agricultural Research and Development University of Port Harcourt
Jonathan Olusola Daniel
Baptist College of Theology, Oyo P.M.B 1088, Isokun Oyo
Bryan Joffe
Director of Children's Programs, the American Association of School Administrators Washington, DC
Education and Science Journal of Policy Review and Curriculum Development (ESJPRCD) publish research articles relating to education and sciences. It publishes original research findings, experiments, action research, case studies, peer review articles in the fields of education and sciences. The objective is to create forum for researchers in education and sciences to publish their research findings
Aisha Abdullahi Ibrahim
Department of Curriculum Studies and Educational Technology, Faculty of Education and Extension Services, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto
Sarah Enwa
Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture University of Nigeria, Nsukka
Aisha Abdullahi Ibrahim
Department of Curriculum Studies and Educational Technology, Faculty of Education and Extension Services, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto
Claudia Kersten
Marketing Director, Global Organic Textile Standard (GOTS), Germany
1Alabi, Festus Oluwole, 2Owolewa, Olusegun O. & 3Wemimo, Suzi Igbadumhe
1&3Department of Educational Management,
2Department of Arts Education, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
Akanbi, A. Aduke
Department of Science and Technology Education University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
1John Dollay Adigizey, 2Jemila Alfa Mohammed, & 3Veronica Wamu Adigizey
1Department of Business Administration, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nigeria
2Director, Finance & Accounts, Kaduna State; Universal Basic Education, Kaduna, Nigeria
3Deputy Bursar, Bursary Department, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nigeria
Souleymane Coulibaly
Lead Economist and Program Leader for Brunei, Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand, Equitable Growth, Finance and Institutions - World Bank
1Macmillan Mafulul Josiah, 2Sumayyah Hamza Muhammad, 3Ibukun Deborah Badewa, & 4Vivian Ponmak Zingdul
1Department of Science and Technology Education, University of Jos, Nigeria
2Alkhairat Private School, Rikkos, Jos, Nigeria
3Hillcrest School, Old Bukuru Road, Jos Nigeria
4Department of Physics, College of Education, Gindiri, Nigeria
Education and Science Journal of Policy Review and Curriculum Development (ESJPRCD) publish research articles relating to education and sciences. It publishes original research findings, experiments, action research, case studies, peer review articles in the fields of education and sciences. The objective is to create forum for researchers in education and sciences to publish their research findings
Theresa E. Dorgu
Faculty of Education, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
1Oke, Tolutope Idowu & 2Bodang, Rotkangmwa Juliana
1Department of Educational Foundations, Faculty of Education, University of Jos
2Department of Special Education and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Education, University of Jos
1J. I. Ezewafor & 2Iyere, Roland Isimemen
Department of Technical & Vocational Education Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka
1Anderson Paingha Sele & 2Amos Adekunle Adediran
1Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
2Social Studies Department, School of Arts & Social Sciences Federal College of Education, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
Hassan Auta Miringa
Department of Education, Faculty of Art and Education Yobe State Universitry P. M.B 1144 Damaturu
Okwara, Emmanuel Chukwuma
Department of Political Science & Diplomacy, Veritas University, Abuja
Fabian Benjamin
Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board National Headquarters, Bwari, Abuja
1Alabi, Festus Oluwole & 2Alabi, Ade Peter
1&2Department of Educational Management, Faculty of Education, Adekunle Ajasin University Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
1Frederick Chukwuebuka Nwosu, 2Barnabas Chidi Madu, 3Nwoye, Amarachukwu Nkechi & 4Nkiruka Treasure Okoye
1Department of Electrical/Electronic Engineering, Federal Polytechnic Oko, Nigeria
2Department of Science Education, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nigeria
3&4Department of Science Education, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Nigeria
Education and Science Journal of Policy Review and Curriculum Development (ESJPRCD) publish research articles relating to education and sciences. It publishes original research findings, experiments, action research, case studies, peer review articles in the fields of education and sciences. The objective is to create forum for researchers in education and sciences to publish their research findings
1Olatunji Tunde Ezekiel, 2Martha Omotola Bamidele & 3Sirajo Aliyu
1&3Directorate of Academic Planning,
2Directorate of Science Lab. Technology, Nigerian Institute of Leather and Science Technology, Zaria
1Musa Aminu Umar, 2Uman Hassan, 3Mustapha Mannir, 4Aliyu Haidar Abubakar & 5Mohammad Nasiru Umar
1College of Medical Science, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
2Department of Library & Information Science, Kano University of Science and Technology
3Kashim Ibrahim Library, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
4The Academy Library, Nigerian Police Academy, Wudil, Kano
5Arewa House Historical Research Library, Arewa House, Kaduna
Shafi'u Yusuf
A.W Ambi Library, Kaduna State College of Education Gidan Waya, Kaduna State
1Jimoh, A. A., 2Salawu, S. A., 3Yusuf, H. A & 4Folorunso, M. I.
1, 2 & 3 Department of Computer Science Education, Aminu Saleh College of Education, Azare, Bauchi State, Nigeria,
4Department of Computer Science, Nasarawa State Polytechnic, Lafia Nasarawa State, Nigeria
1Ibrahim Abba & 2Jibir Adamu Hassan
1&2School of Social Sciences, Umar Ibn Ibrahim El kanemi College of Education, Science and Technology, Bama PMB 16, Bama, Borno State Nigeria
1Nura Bawa & 2Nasir M. Baba
Department of Curriculum Studies and Educational Technology, Faculty of Education and Extension Services, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
1Frank Ifeanyichukwu Amiriheobu, 2Victor Ndubuisi Ordua, 3Ekperi Watts & 4Ojobah Christian
1Department of Theatre Arts Education, School of Arts and Social Sciences,
2Department of Educational Psychology, Guidance and Counseling, School of Education,
3Department of Music Education, School of Arts and Social Sciences,
4Department of Educational Foundation, School of Education, Federal College of Education (Technical), P.M.B 11, Omoku, Onelga, Rivers State, Nigeria
Shimawua Dominic
Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Management Science, Veritas University, Abuja
Oni M. Bola
Human Capital Policy Department Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research (NISER)
Education and Science Journal of Policy Review and Curriculum Development (ESJPRCD) publish research articles relating to education and sciences. It publishes original research findings, experiments, action research, case studies, peer review articles in the fields of education and sciences. The objective is to create forum for researchers in education and sciences to publish their research findings
Ojeomogha Tawakalitu Oluwakemi
Department Adult Education University of Lagos
Akanni, Olubukola Olutosin
Department of Educational Foundations, (With Educational Psychology), University of Lagos, Akoka, Nigeria
1Gabriel O. Alegbeleye, 2Vincent E. Unegbu & 3Uzoma C. Chilaka
1,2&3Department of Information Resources Management Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
1Umar Muhammad & 2Matthew Cyril
1Department of Educational Foundations, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
2Department of Science and Vocational Education Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto
1Azowenunebi, L. O., 2Adeyemo S. O. & 3Babajide V. F. T.
Department of Science and Technology, University of Lagos, Akoka, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
1Babalola, Yemisi Tomilola, 2Madukoma, Ezinwanyi & 3Folorunso-Ako, Adenike Adunola
1,2&3Department of Information Resources Management, Babcock University Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
Tolulope Victoria Gbadamosi
Department of Arts and Social Sciences Education, Faculty of Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
1Mayowa Olayemi Akomolafe & 2Rosaline Opeke
1&2Department of Information Resources Management, Babcock University
1Justina Lere Charles-Zalakoro, 2Chinyere Oko-jaja, 3Theresa B. Osusu & 4Miebi Patience Affen
1Faculty of Education, Niger Delta University Amassoma, Bayelsa State
2&3Faculty of Education
4Ignatius Ajuru University of Education Port-Harcourt
1Odebode, O. O., 2Salisu, O.O, 3Shokunbi, M. O., & 4Oladayo-Ibrahim, I. S.
Centre for Entrepreneurship Development Yaba College of Technology Yaba, Lagos
Amucha, Happiness O.
Department of Science and Technology Education, Faculty of Education, University of Lagos, Nigeria.
1Komolafe, Adefunke Titilayo & 2Omodun Kemisola Julianah
1Department of Arts and Social Sciences Education, Faculty of Education, University of Lagos, Nigeria
2Department of Guidance and Counseling, Faculty of Education, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti
1Olugbemi, Peter W., 2Adewale, T. A. & 3Sikirulahi, N.
1,2&3Department of Agric. Education, Michael Otedola College of Primary Education Noforija Epe, Lagos State, Nigeria
1Dada, F. H. & 2Babajide, V. F. T.
1Department of Mathematics and Statistics Education, Federal College of Education (Technical), Akoka, Yaba, Lagos
2Department of Science and Technology Education, University of Lagos, Lagos.
1O. O. Longe & 2N. H. Owube
1&2 Departmental of Educational Foundations University of Lagos, Akoka
1Omotuyole, Christy O. & 2Olowe Peter K.
1Department of Arts and Social Sciences Education, University of Lagos, Akoka-Lagos, Nigeria
2Department of Early Childhood Care and Education Adeyemi College of Education, Ondo, Ondo State, Nigeria
1Babajide, V.F.T. & 2Amosu, John A. M.
1&2Department of Science and Technology Education, Faculty of Education, University of Lagos, Nigeria
1John Kalama & 2Asanebi, Daupamowei Henry
1Department of Political Science, Federal University Otuoke, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
2Department of History and International Relations Federal University Otuoke, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
1Esan, James Adebayo, 2Daramola, Masud Tunji & 3Onwume Fustina Charity
1,2&3Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education Faculty of Education, University of Lagos, Akoka
1Umar Muhammad & 2Nura Bawa
1Department of Educational Foundations, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
2Department of Curriculum and EducationTechnology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
1Bukola Agboola & 2Baba S. Aduku
1&2The Library, Federal University Gashua, Yobe State
Education and Science Journal of Policy Review and Curriculum Development (ESJPRCD) publish research articles relating to education and sciences. It publishes original research findings, experiments, action research, case studies, peer review articles in the fields of education and sciences. The objective is to create forum for researchers in education and sciences to publish their research findings
1Usara, D. S. & 2Akpanudi G. A.
1&2Department of Social Studies, School of Secondary Education, Arts and Social Science Progrmmes, Federal College of Education, Kontagora
Olugbemi, P. W.
Department of Agric. Education, Michael Otedola College of Primary Education, Noforija, Epe – Lagos State.
1Athanasius Aernan Yawe & 2Guda Simon Terzungwe
1Department of Educational Foundations, Benue State University, Makurdi
2Department of Educational Foundations and General Studies, Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi
1Johnson Etaverho Maciver & 2Ayibatari, Blessed Enekeme
1&2Department of Educational Foundations, Niger Delta University Bayelsa State
Dare, E. Alaba
Department of Social Science Education, Kogi State University, Anyigba
Angelinah, K. Osu
Department of Economics, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Rivers State
Kingsford Matthew Oppong
St. John of God Hospital, Duayaw-Nkwanta, B/A- Ghana
1Haliru Musa Hussaini, 2Habiba Alhaji Ahmad & 3Hussaina Abdullahi Yarima
1Department of Business Administration and Management, Nasarawa State Polytechnic, Lafia,
2Department of Social Development, Nasarawa State Polytechnic, Lafia
3Department of General Studies, Nasarawa State Polytechnic, Lafia
1Salihu Abdullahi Galle & 2Umar Abdullahi Galle
1Department of Educational Foundations, Measurement and Evaluation Unit, Nasarawa State University Keffi
2Public Relations Consultants, No.5 B.A.D Road. Nasarawa Eggon, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
Oyetakin Akinrotimi Iyiomo
Department of Educational Management Faculty of Education, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State
1Vincent Tam Eremie & 2Benjamin B. Diri.
1Department of Political Science
2School of Graduate Studies Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Rumuolumeni, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Odunayo, Henry Adewale
Department of Economics, School of Arts and Social Sciences, Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education, Oto-Ijanikin, Lagos State, Nigeria
Ayang Etelbert Edim
Department of Educational Foundations and Childhood Education, Cross River University of Technology, Calabar, Nigeria